Artificial Intelligence has come a long way from the early days of handcrafted algorithms and rule-based systems. What began as a field focused on solving narrow tasks with predefined logic has evolved into a dynamic discipline that now powers intelligent agents—autonomous systems capable of perceiving, reasoning, and acting in real-world environments. This transformation, from static...

Introduction AI is evolving from simple automation to systems that can understand goals, reason through problems, and take appropriate actions in complex environments. This leap is embodied in a new generation of software systems known as AI agents. These are not just tools, but goal-driven entities capable of decision-making, learning, and real-world execution. This article explores the design...

Not long ago, speaking to a machine meant pressing buttons on a telephone keypad, yelling "representative" at an automated voice, or typing rigid keywords into a search bar. But today, a simple “Hi, I need help” to an online chatbot can get you instant, meaningful assistance—without ever speaking to a human. This shift didn’t happen overnight. It’s the result of...